PENTAERYTHRITE TETRANITRATE (PETN)

• CAS: 78-11-5
• Chem formula: C₅H₈N₄O₁₂
• MIL-P-387

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is a high explosive compound renowned for its exceptional potency and stability. PETN is synthesized through the nitration of pentaerythritol, resulting in a white crystalline powder with high density and energy content. Its chemical structure consists of four nitrate groups attached to a pentaerythritol molecule, conferring remarkable explosive power.

PETN exhibits several desirable properties for military and industrial applications. It boasts excellent stability, resisting decomposition even under extreme conditions such as high temperatures and mechanical stress. This stability makes PETN suitable for long-term storage and transportation without significant deterioration.

Despite its stability, PETN is highly sensitive to initiation by shock, friction, or heat, requiring careful handling and processing. Once initiated, PETN undergoes rapid decomposition, generating a significant volume of high-pressure gases and producing a powerful detonation wave.

Due to its potency and stability, PETN finds widespread use in various military applications, including as a primary explosive in detonators, boosters, and shaped charges. Additionally, PETN is employed in industrial sectors for tasks such as seismic exploration, demolition, and mining.

However, PETN’s effectiveness also makes it a material of interest for illicit purposes, leading to strict regulations and controls on its production, distribution, and use to prevent misuse and ensure safety and security.